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| 1. The crystalline lens forms from the: |
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A.
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Ectoderm |
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B.
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Endoderm |
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C.
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Mesoderm |
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D.
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Neural field |
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| 2. The cornea becomes transparent: |
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A.
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As soon as it originates |
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B.
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After birth |
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C.
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In the seventh month |
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D.
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In the third month |
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| 3. Tears develop in the lacrimal glands: |
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A.
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At six weeks gestation |
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B.
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At three months gestation |
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C.
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In the eight month of gestation |
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D.
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Three months after birth |
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| 4. Babies born prematurely need: |
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A.
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Eye protection because of an immature pupillary reflex |
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B.
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Visual stimulation to develop the visual pathways |
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C.
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Exercises to develop the blink reflex |
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D.
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To look at objects less than 8 inches away |
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| 5. The neural cells of the retina develop: |
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A.
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From all three embryonic layers |
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B.
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Before all other eye structures |
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C.
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From a single embryonic layer |
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D.
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After the neural connections between the eye and the brain have developed |
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| 6. The embryonic layers are: |
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A.
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Exoskeleton, skeleton and endoskeleton |
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B.
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Ectoderm, mesoderm and endoderm |
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C.
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Choroid, endothelium and neural layer |
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D.
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Blastula, embryo and fetus |
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| 7. The eyelids begin to develop at eight weeks and: |
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A.
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Remain open to promote visual stimulation |
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B.
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Fuse closed to protect developing eye structures |
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C.
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Are immediately capable of blink reflex |
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D.
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Separate in the third month |
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| 8. The development of the connection between the retina and the brain during gestation is partially dependent on: |
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A.
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Visual stimulation |
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B.
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Endoderm development |
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C.
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Crystalline lens development |
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D.
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REM and sleep patterns |
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| 9. Complete maturation of the eye after birth may not be complete for: |
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A.
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Three months |
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B.
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One year |
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C.
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Six months |
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D.
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Nine months |
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| 10. Emmetropization is the process by which: |
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A.
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Color perception develops |
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B.
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Stereopsis develops |
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C.
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Visual acuity improves during the first six months after birth |
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D.
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Hyperopia increases |
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| 11. From birth to 1 year of age, keratometry readings: |
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A.
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Flatten |
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B.
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Steepen |
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C.
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Show little change |
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D.
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Indicate oblique astigmatism |
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| 12. The most common refractive error at birth is: |
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A.
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Myopia |
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B.
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Emmetropia |
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C.
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Amblyopia |
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D.
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Hyperopia |
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| 13. The most common treatable cause of childhood blindness is: |
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A.
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ROP |
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B.
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Strabismus |
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C.
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Congenital cataract |
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D.
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Amblyopia |
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| 14. ROP is usually accompanied by: |
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A.
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High hyperopia |
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B.
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High myopia |
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C.
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Scotopic vision |
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D.
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Emmetropia |
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| 15. Early levels of high hyperopia may not be treated immediately because: |
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A.
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It may interfere with emmetropization |
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B.
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It is accompanied by against the rule astigmatism |
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C.
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Treatment is ineffective |
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D.
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Infants cannot tolerate corrective lenses |
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| 16. Misalignment of an infant's eyes is normal up to: |
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A.
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One year of age |
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B.
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Two years of age |
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C.
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Six months of age |
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D.
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Four months of age |
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| 17. The origin of the optic nerve is: |
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A.
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The ectoderm |
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B.
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The optic stalk |
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C.
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The visual cortex |
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D.
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The keratocytes |
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| 18. The sclera develops from embryonic tissue which: |
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A.
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Prevents the formation of blood vessels |
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B.
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Extends the refractive power of the cornea |
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C.
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Prevents pigmentation |
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D.
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Allows the formation of blood vessels |
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| 19. The cornea forms from the: |
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A.
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Endoderm |
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B.
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Neural crest cells in the anterior chamber |
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C.
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Ectoderm cells covering the lens |
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D.
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Mesoderm |
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| 20. Untreated strabismus may lead to: |
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A.
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Amblyopia |
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B.
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Nystagmus |
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C.
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Irregular astigmatism |
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D.
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Hyperopia |
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